Exectuive Branch Paper Research Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1250 words

Exectuive Branch - Research Paper ExampleThe decision-making branch of the separate level is byeed by heads of enunciates. only bureaucrats in the state decision maker level ar answerable to the president, but in other cases, the executive level in different states are headed by governors The president in both state level has his own directives to carry out like being the commander in chief of the armed forces. This implies that the head of state is the only individual who can command the military wing of the forces. Secondly, the president has authority to select individuals or ministers to oversee the daily running of universal institutions, like ministries and embassies (Ferguson, 2006). Functions of the State Executive train The executive level has various functions to perform. They include overseeing and put into practice the work of their juniors, since they are mandated to see the overall running, and implementations of the laws. Secondly, the executive level makes su re that laws are followed to uphold their constitution and protect their interest. It applies rules and orders in insuring that enactments are strictly followed. The laws enforced into enactment by the executive level look at the constitution laws signed and acknowledged by the executive head. Thirdly they have the responsibility to select the judicial officers like lawyers and state judges. Lastly, the executive has the mandate to appoint officials in a state subsection. The arm is in-charge of the of all key policy-making positions in state or government (Thorburn, 2008). The Authorizing Legislation of the State Executive Level Authorizing commandment can be used to describe the management process, and the instructions used to institute information sharing in any set of an institution. The legislation offers a structure for the enactment of laws and ideas in any set of a system. The executive, state level is guided by rules on the appointments of their officials. The authorizin g legislation in any state government is the president or the governor. An excellent authorizing legislation has to meet the set standards like being timely in fulfilling vacancies in any state office. All the officials in the state institutions are appropriately expected to use the legislation act in occupying vacant positions inside an institute. Secondly the authorizing legislation should be considerate of an institution when making decisions pertaining to the appointments of officials in an institution. The authorizing legislation should entail the opus and qualifications for individuals who are to be appointed to occupy key positions in a state institution. Thirdly, the legislation act should plainly state the duties of the commission is selecting to aid in its operations. Lastly, the act should clearly state powers and limits of state officials in the handling of issues. The powers awarded to an individual are stated to avoid abuse (Thorburn, 2008). Structure of the Executive Federal Level The executive federal, level entails distribution of power among the state governments and other institutions like the case administration. The level is collected the office of the president, the managerial departments, the first lady and the independent agencies and committees (Ferguson, 2006). 1 The office of the president is regarded to be the uppermost bureau in the structure. It is cool of the president, the first lady, the vice president and the cabinet. The president

Media comparative analysis Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1250 words

Media comparative analysis - Essay ExampleA media comparative analysis has a vital mathematical function in comprehending the various crucial elements of the changing nature of the media. Such a media comparative analysis deals with the social aspects, the assumptions and logics, the industrial, the technical contexts, the primary functions, etc of a particular media form, technology, process, or event in relation to the explicit or implied research methods, the critical framework and assumptions, the theories and logics, the methods and worldviews etc of a specific reading material on media and media function. This media comparative analysis paper focuses on a comparative discussion of Megan Bolers Introduction to Digital Media and Democracy Tactic in Hard time in connection to a particular media form, i.e. an internet radio station. This paper deals with a comparative study of the explicit or implied assumptions about the nature, scope and role of media forms in each of the m edia discussions, and attempts to bring together the assumptions of both the media reading and the media form. Megan Bolers main concern in the article is to bring about the connection between media and mogul and to contribute to the debates about media and democracy within the digital media landscape and the discussions about the internet radio station rear help one realize the inherent elements of the media form. As an introduction to the vital assumptions of the discussion, Megan Boler presents his exchange with Tim Russert as illustrative of how the media in the modern world functions in terms of truth and power. From the platform of this account, the author goes on to make his significant assumptions about media and power as well as the debates about media and democracy within the digital media landscape. The story of my exchange with Tim Russert highlights two backbone challenges about media and power (1) how to alter the axes of domination so that those with little or no power have a seat at the table, and (2) how to conceive of media (whether dominant, grassroots, or tactical) with the capacity to intervene at the level of public perception, and that can challenge the perverse manipulation of facts about something like global warming. (Boler 2008, 171). According to the author, there is an essential connection between media and power and there is a very scarce chance to gain reality through with(predicate) the power of media. Power in media tries to hand realities about facts and there is fierce competition to accumulate power in media. The author is essentially forceful about the influence of power in media in the contemporary digital era of media where there is fierce competition and the raw material is no longer in short supply. In this background, realizing reality through digital media is much more complex. There have been significant opinions by experts in the field that media is more powerful than any bomb in the contemporary background an d this can be realized on the basis of the famous maxim the pen is mightier than the sword. The powerful influence of media over the lives of several modern human beings can be understood in this background. The major focus of the work by Boler is to

Experimentation in social psychology Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1250 words

Experimentation in kind psychological science - Essay ExampleTypically, complaisant psychology aims to explain human behavior as a resultant of the interaction of an individuals current mental state and the situational context. The ways in which individuals react in different situational context vary based on several factors. These factors include prior learning as well as genetics. This essay will visualize the utility of experimentation in the field of social psychology and will focus on the cognitive social and tangential perspectives.In order to show the differences between the utility of experimentation in cognitive social psychology and discursive psychological perspective, it is prudent that we offer operational definitions for to each one discipline and suck up their use of experimentation. In the case of cognitive social psychology, there are many features that distinguish this perspective from the other perspectives. They include a strong cognitive and social-interpe rsonal focus as well as the belief in human agency and free will. The general goal of cognitive social psychology is to canalize empirical research with the purpose of advancing the theoretical knowledge pool as it relates to the antecedents as well as the consequences of human behavior within a social construct. This knowledge should also provide a foundation on which a true understanding of the inextricable link between behavior and the social context can be built and advanced. In general, the ultimate goal of cognitive social psychology research is to impact behavioral changes by establishing an empirically-based examen ground for theoretical ideas. The experimental studies within this field typically originate with a real-life and testable phenomena such as obedience, discrimination and prejudice. One of the most the most touching studies within the field is the obedience studies conducted by Stanley Milgram. This study is controversial in that its utilization of deception rai sed ethical concerns and it was responsible for the establishment of new standards with regards to the interference of human subjects. Milgram asked each of the student participants to fulfill teaching duties in a learning task. The participants were commanded to carry out an authoritys orders, and were led to believe they were delivering an electric shock each time the learner made a mistake. In the standard baseline condition, no one quit before 300 volts, and 65% of participants continued to go after the experimenter to the highest level available, 450 volts. Unlike research involving hypothetical authority situations, Milgrams behavioral studies indicated that adults from civilian groups could indeed be induced to comply with noxious demands of authority.Discursive social psychology in contrast to cognitive social psychology examines how people make sense of their world through their mutual engagement with each other. In so doing, it develops its methodology from the philosoph y of language and the utility of common psychological sense in order to understand mainstream topics in both social and cognitive psychology. Essentially, discursive psychology has been utilized to explore the ways in which reality is constructed within the society. The topics of study which prove to be applicable for discursive methods include the study of memory, attribution and attitudes. Most recently discursive psycho

Liesel's overcoming abandonment and loss in Markus Zusak's The Book Essay

Liesels overcoming abandonment and loss in Markus Zusaks The Book Thief - experiment ExampleIn the beginning of the story Liesel, her mother, and brother are travelling to Molching, Germany on a train. Liesels brother dies on route causing the family to see and bury her younger sibling. Liesel must cede felt abandoned by her younger brother. Despite his leaving in death, her brother left her. In set out to cope with his death Liesel takes a book dropped by the gravedigger. The Gravediggers Handbook was picked up at her brothers grave. It was a memento of the event. She could not sympathize at the time, but Liesel had something tangible to touch that reminded her of the brothers death. Liesels father had left the family unit before the narrative in the graveyard. She must grant felt abandoned by him as well. After her mother left Liesel with foster parents, Hans and Rosa Hubermann, Liesel was left without any biological family. She had emotional issues that were displayed throug h theft books. At a book burning, Liesel stole a book. After the mayors wife, Ilsa Hermann, gave Liesel permission to take any book in her library, Liesel preferred to sneak the books. turn in the mayors house Liesel and Rudy, her friend, would also steal food as well. The compulsion to steal what is given shows that Liesel has serious emotional problems. The turn of events of taking is more enthralling than the actual possession of something necessary or new. The act of taking books is also symbolic. Words created the world Liesel lived in. Hitlers speeches and the Nazi grandiosity allowed the violence and abandonment that was Liesels world. The theft of voice communication would be impossible, but the closest thing would be stealing books. Liesels theft of books from one of the richest raft in town, the mayor and his wife, was also symbolic. If Liesel could steal the words from influential people, maybe she could change the world. Words changed the world, thus the theft of words might change the world. While this might not make logical sense to Liesel it made perfect emotional sense. Liesel also used words to soothe others. She would read stories in the go provides. Her voice calmed the panicked bomb shelter residents. After hearing her read in the bomb shelter Frau Holtzapfel, a neighbor, asks Liesel to read to her. Frau Holtzapfel would not go to the shelter due to her depression over her sons death. Liesel persuades her to come to the shelter by threatening never to read to her again. The words written by others soothed Liesel and the others. scoopful Vandenburg, a Jew hidden by Liesels foster family, teaches Liesel how to express herself though writing. He writes Liesel two books. Max felt a fondness for Liesel due to the point she stayed by his bedside when he was sick. She brought him gifts and laid them next to him. Liesel was like his guardian angel. The first story Max wrote was The Standover Man. This story was about people that stand ov er others ceremony out for them. Liesel had been Maxs stand over man during his sickness. Liesel slowly realizes that stand over men can be as important as family. Even if her family, foster family, or friends leave, Liesel will always have someone that cares. She learned how everyone has a person to look out for them. It did not necessarily have to be family. This helps alleviate a little of the pain. The book had a positive impact on Liesel. The second story was The Word Shaker. This book showed how the power of words could cause a situation like Nazi

Security practices not meeting the challenges (info technology) Essay

Security practices not meeting the challenges (info technology) - Essay Examplethither is a long creese of self-interested intruders ready and willing to capture this valuable data, and as our reliance on digital information has grown, so have the threats. Large concentrations of data, mobile devices, and the need to curb the data useful has all added to the vulnerability of our information technology. While our information system has worked to make our data more secure, the threats of attack and the divulging of information has become of all time more prevalent. Information security is an ongoing process that dejection never quite meet the challenge of the security threats.Security threats originate from three sources. There are internal threats from corrupt employees, external threats that originate from external attacks on the system, and system failure. While direct attacks may compromise the data, system failure can cause a loss of information or system shutdown. While devel oping a system of access control minimizes attacks, system failures are dealt with with a system of redundancy and audit tracking. These systems are open to compromise by direct attack or well meaning employees that practice informal security measures.The security of a database or network often begins with access control. At the system level this may mean the use of passwords. Passwords are well compromised and are often shared for the purposes of convenience. Levels of granting only necessary access to a system or a file have been more helpful as data is made available only on a need to know basis. However, in a fast paced team environment, this may require man-hours that farthermost exceed the realistic value of the security. According to Hu, Ferrariolo, and Kuhn, If a single permission is incorrectly configured, a user will either be ineffective in performing his/her duties or will be given access to unintended information and systems, which could result in undermining the se curity posture of the organization (36).

Anatomy of Human Essay Example for Free

Anatomy of Human Essay1. Review the anatomy of the wag. Which portion is responsible for keeping you awake, controlling thought, speech, emotions and behavior, maintaining balance and posture?2. chouse the function of the arachnoid villi.3. Where is the primary defect in Parkinsons disease and Huntingtons?4. What is the function of the CSF? Where is it produced? Where is it absorbed?5. Review blood flow to the brain.6. What is the gate control theory of smart?7. Know the type of nerve fibers that transmit distract impulses.8. Where in the CNS does pain perception occur?9. Know different clinical descriptions of pain pain threshold/tolerance10. Know endogenous opioids.11. What are the two types of fibers that transmit the nerve action potentials generated by excitation of any of the nociceptors.12. What is the relationship between epinephrin and body temperature?13. Know mechanisms of heat production and heat loss.14. Know heat exhaustion and heat stroke?15. Define the differen t stages of sleep.16. Discuss disorders of the conjunctivia of the marrow.17. Which part of the eye controls movement of the eye?18. What part of the brain must be functioning for cognitive operations?19. Discuss the types of mid-brain dysfunction and its physical symptoms.20. Know the best token indicator of recovery of consciousness and functional outcome after a brain event.21. Know vomiting with which CNS injuries.22. Define seizure and status epilepticus. What is the health check significance? Know benign febrile seizures.23. Know the characteristics of closed head injury.24. Define dyskinesia. Types? Characteristics?25. Know the stages of intracranial hypertension.26. Know normal intracranial pressure. How does body spread over for increasedICP?27. Know the most critical index of nervous system dysfunction/function.28. What is responsible for the tremors associated with Parkinsons Disease?29. Define concussion. Know the different grades of concussion.30. Know coupe and cou ntercoup brain injuries and how they happen.31. Know most common primary CNS tumor.32. What happens to a patient after an acute spinal cord injury? Why is it life arduous? Describe the clinical manifestations. Why would their temperature fluctuate?33. Know diagnostic criteria for vegetative state and brain death.34. Define and discuss the different types of stroke, which affected artery causes what info processing deficits (agnosia, dysphasia, etc).35. Know all types of cerebral edema and what causes each type. 36. Know characteristics of AV malformation.37. Define and expose the pathophysiology, clinical manifestations and etiology of Multiple Sclerosis.38. Define and describe the pathophysiology, clinical manifestations and etiology of Guillian Barre Syndrome.39. Define and describe the pathophysiology, clinical manifestations and etiology of Mysthenia Gravis40. Define and describe the pathophysiology, clinical manifestations and etiology of Parkinsons disease.41. Define and de scribe the pathophysiology, clinical manifestations and etiology of Huntington disease.42. prenatal and perinatal factors may result in what psychiatric condition?43. What is schizophrenia? What part of the brain is associated with the S/S of this disorder?44. Define depression and its types do etiology.45. How Does ECT (electroconvulsive therapy) treat depression?46. Define generalized anxiety disorder. What is the underlying defect? Know characteristics.47. Define panic disorder. What are the complications?48. Define encephalocele, meningocele, spina bifida, myelomeningocele. Where is the defect rigid in each?49. Know when the neural groove closes during embryonic development.50. Know pathophysiology, clinical manifestations and etiology of cerebral palsy.51. Know pathophysiology, clinical manifestations and etiology of PKU.52. What nerves are capable ofregeneration?

Globalization, Nation-States and Transnational Entities Essay Example for Free

Globalization, Nation-States and Trans realmal Entities EssayThe historical study of the main char processeristics and normative bequest of a nation-state has proved complicated for the social sciences as a whole. During the past few centuries, the nation-state has been deified and demonised equally it has been regarded as in advance(p) as well as past form of social and policy-making community it has been seen as an imagined or imaginary society rational structure of the community it has created as much happiness as well as misery it has been a source for political democracy, cosmopolitanism and ethnic cleansing. It has similarly coexisted with empires colonies, blocks, protectorates, city-states among other forms of political organisations. It has gone through and experienced the unification, occupation, totalitarian terror, divisions and thence unification. It has won legitimacy around ethnic or racial, republican, liberal, democratic class principle and federal (Chernilo, 2007). In spite of all these, a nation-state succeeded to present itself as a solid, stable and as the necessary form of social and political organisation in the contemporary world.The nation-state is a territorial organisation that self-recognizes and deriving its political authenticity from the stack and serving as a supreme body for a country as a sovereign territorial entity (Chernilo, 2007). Most good deal view a nation as a political thing that is self evident, a kind of natural culmination of all societies. It is high measure people realised that the idea of a nation that Europe gave to the world was perhaps short-lived political form, a European exception, a precarious intonation between ages of kings and the neo-imperial age (Guehenno Elliott, 2000).1). Modern nation-states have diverse feelings to their territory, comp ard to the dynastic monarchies it is semi-sanctified, and non-exchangeable. No nation would swap territory with other states simply, for instance, be cause the kings daughter got married. They have a trenchant type of boundary, in principle defined only by the atomic number 18a of settlement of the national group, although most nation-states also sought natural call ups like rivers, lakes, big money ranges among others.The most outstanding characteristic is the degree to which nation-states use the state as an instrument of national unity, in frugal, social and cultural symmetrys. This is done by promoting economic unity, commencement ceremony by abolishing internal customs and taxes. Nation-states normally have a guideline to form and sustain a national shipping infrastructure, facilitating business and battlefront (DiVanna, 2003). Nation-states usually have more importantised and identical public government than its colonial predecessors they are smaller, and the population less diverse.In several instances, the regional establishment is also subordinated to central or national government. They also have an identical n ationwide customs, through states guiding principle. The model of the nation-state suggests that its populace constitutes a nation, fused by a widespread descent, a common language and various forms of shared culture. When the unity is absent, the nation-state frequently tries to craft it by promoting a undiversified national language, through language guiding principle.The nation-states create a common curriculum for both primary and secondary education as a office of fostering a common language. In addition, to create a common identity, history of a nation-state is enshrined in their curricula and taught usually in a propagandistic and mythologized edition, and peculiarly during wars some nation-states still teach this kind of history. Language and cultural policy was sometimes negative, aimed at the suppression of non-national elements. Language prohibitions were sometimes used to accelerate the acceptation of national languages, and the decline of minority languages.A nation -state has a constitution that is a set of rules that governs its operations and is official. A state is as well recognised scarcely other countries as independent and with the United Nations by her being a outgrowth of the UN. Besides, the state also acts on behalf of the people that are residing in that territory and nation-state is continuous in the sense that a set of leaders arrest and go but the nation-state remains, thus its continuity. Nationalism being a product of modernity, reflecting on peoples need to belong to a social group to have a feeling of security in an environment where a people live.Nationalism has been seen as an intense force that has resulted into socio-political conflicts all over the world, besides, it has been an instrument for bigotry and social unrests. The key to lasting business viability in a connected world is that each firm is part of one or more networks of value. Thus collaboration is the pillar to adding value as a network member. more oft en, people and corporations collaborate because of the profit that may accrue due to such collaboration (DiVanna, 2003) A nation defines itself by non only what it is, but as well as what it is not.It is not a social group, neither is it a religious group, nor a racial group a nation is what binds together the citizens of a nation is a amalgamation of historical factors that can not be reduced to a single dimension as social, religious, or racial (Guehenno Elliott, 2000) an good example of a nation is Germany. A state such as Georgia is described as a definite territory in which a reliable government has the ability to hear its own activities without intrusion from other system of governments (Europa, 2010).It depicts more of a political and geographical area associated with a kind of political body a nation, on the other hand, describes more of a cultural and/or ethnic entity. The term nation-state implies that the two geographically concur, and this distinguishes the nation-s tate from the other types of state, which historically come first, an example of a state is Georgia. In addition, a nation-state is understood as a political expression of a single or a central and relatively homogenous ethnic group. It groups very heterogeneous societies, communities loosely under the guidance of a common religious, and/or dynastic tradition.The basis of segmentation that differentiate such communities can be geographical, religious, political, social, economical, ethnical, race and even class or caste (European Parliament, 2008), an example of a state is Algeria. 2). The US has territorial boundaries which are not easily swopped. Besides, US is a symbolic community with her people voluntarily dedicate their most important political loyalties in spite of the many meticulous loyalties economic, spiritual, racial, ethnic, political, social that otherwise divide them. This gives the people of united state to identify with a common culture as a people of a modern nat ion-state.In addition, the U. S has an impersonal power structure which bears it legitimacy from a people. A countrys foreign policy, which at time is called the global relations policy, consists of approaches preferred by the state to safeguard its national interests and to achieve its goals in worldwide relations. The plans are intentionally employed to interact with other nation-states. Contemporarily, due to transnational and globalization activities, the nation-states go out also have to interact with non-state actors like terrorists.A nation-states interests are paramount foreign policies are premeditated by the government through high-ranking decision making progressions. More often than not, creating foreign policy is the job of the head of government and the foreign minister. In some countries the legislature is also refer in the process. 2 b). An example of foreign policy of US is Security from attack is the most paramount foreign policy of any nation. That is a natio n should endeavour to have foreign policies that do not make her vulnerable from physical external attack, either by other countries or by person actors like terrorists.The focus of US foreign policy is thus, geared towards building a power to defend herself from against attack from other nation-states and these individual actors like international terrorists. Security from attack should go beyond the physical attack to admit the domestic wellbeing of the American citizens and protect them against some psychological troubles like the passing of their jobs to foreigners, because of perhaps, poor foreign policy on immigration issues, and trade among others.Foreign policy of the US is national interest or international justice which focuses on the role of the US when other nations go against human rights like right to life, by some regimes which go to war and engage in massacre, genocide among others. Others ask that US should develop a foreign policy that protects human right when abused not only in American soil but also in other parts of the word. This may take a more noble form as diplomacy and may go to the extreme as military intervention if necessary, and then help with the reconstruction of the nation-state in question, like in the case of Iraq (Page Bouton, 2006).The aftermath of World War II saw the humanity of European Union which was seen by many as an escape from the extreme forms of nationalism which had destroyed the continent. This followed the formation of the European Coal and Steel Community which, charm having the modest aim of consolidated hold back of the previously national coal and steel industries of its member states, is seen to be the first step which culminated in the formation of the European Union. The founding members of the Community were Belgium, France, Italy, Luxembourg, the Netherlands, and West Germany.It progressed to form a peaceful Europe through cooperation in the 1940s. Due to the war between the east and the west in the 1950s there was need for peace in Europe. Therefore the soviet tanks put down protests against the communist regime in Hungary. In 1957, the launch of the first man-made space satellite by the Soviet Union acted as a pioneer in the space race in addition to the European Economic Community or Common Market that was created by the Rome treaty. The emergence of youth cultures took place in the 1960s bringing with it economic growth.In return, the EU countries stopped charging duty on custom in the course of their trade with each other. During this period, they agreed on joint food production control so that everyone had enough to eat which resulted in excess agricultural produce. In 1973 resulted in a growing community when Denmark, Ireland and the United Kingdom joined the European Union, and raised the number of members to nine. This period experienced the last right wing dictatorship in Europe due to Salazar regime being overthrown in Portugal and the ecumenical Franco of Sp ains death.The influence in EU affairs by the European Parliament increased and hence all citizens could elect their members directly for the first time. In addition jobs and infrastructure in poorer areas were created when the EU regional policy started to transfer huge sums of money. The changing face of Europe was introduced by the fall of the Berlin wall in the 1980s. Greece additionally joined the European Union followed by Spain and Portugal five years later.The single European Act which is the foundation for a six year plan that resolves problems with the free flow of trade across EU borders and creates the Single marketplace was then signed in 1987. In 1989, the Berlin wall was pulled down and for the first time, the border between East and West Germany was opened and led to the reunification of Germany when these two united in 1990. In the 1990s the European Union developed a Europe without frontiers which resulted in Europeans being closer to each other when in central a nd Eastern Europe there was a collapse of communism.This was when the single market was completed and the four freedoms of movement of goods, services, people and money was developed in addition to the Maastricht Treaty on European Union in 1993 and the Treaty of capital of The Netherlands in 1999. Austria, Finland and Sweden join the other member states in 1995, people are allowed to travel without border checks of passports when as, all village in Luxembourg gave its name to the Schengen agreements, numerous young people were able to study in other countries with the support of EU and with the use of mobile phones and the internet, communication was made easier.From 2000 to present, the European Union experienced further expansion due to the introduction of a new currency for many Europeans. The member states began to work jointly to fight crime and introduced the war on terror after hijacked planes were flown in New York and Washington buildings. More than 10 countries joined EU and between east and west Europe there was a healing of political divisions (Europa, 2010). b).These major institutions of the European Union are the European Parliament or EP which is elected directly by EUs citizens to act as their representative, the Council of the European Union which is a representative of individual member states and the European Commission which endeavours to sustain the unions interest as a whole. The three form an institutional triangle which makes policies and laws applied throughout the EU. The new laws are proposed by the commission but then they are adopted by the parliament and council.In addition, the Court of Justice which maintains the European law and the Court of Auditors which checks the union activities finances are other institutions that play important roles (Europa, 2010). Moreover, there are also the European Investment Bank, Economic and Social Committee, Committee of the Regions, European Ombudsman, and the European Monetary Institute (ILO , 2010) The countries that make up the European Union are otherwise known as its member states. Though they maintain their independence, they put their power together in order to achieve strength and influence which they could not as individual nations.This means that they give some decision making powers to created institutions which they share so that issues related to a common interest are resolved on with democracy at European level. In total, they are27 are Austria, Belgium, Bulgaria, Cyprus, Czech Republic, Denmark, Estonia, Finland, France, Germany, Greece, Hungary, Ireland, Italy, Latvia, Lithuania, Luxembourg, Malta, Netherlands, Poland, Portugal, Romania, Slovakia, Slovenia, Spain, Sweden, and the United Kingdom (Europa, 2010) c).The European Union enables closer relationships between its member states in order to maximize on their collective potential. This applies to economic and political activities such as free trade, freedom of movement, and choice of job. In additio n it serves to unify the actions of its member countries in terms of security, foreign policy, and cooperation in matters related to police and justice. A lot of beaucracy that was involved with these issues has since been dissolved. In addition it has achieved its principle aim of ensuring Europes stability after the Second World War (ILO, 2010)d). Foreign policy objectives for the European Union include peace building and peace making. This involves prevention and control of war or conflict between member states and other nations. It works to eliminate suffering of related citizens The rule of law and respect for human rights and canonical freedom should also be strengthened by pursuing ambitious human rights policy that is based on agreement with the respective clause that is have-to doe with with human rights and democracy.An agreement based upon structured and deep political dialogue should also be established in addition to the implementation of the introduced parliamentary dimension (European Parliament, 2008) 4a). The nation-states and transnational entities pursued by the use of foreign policy tools such as diplomatic negotiations, economic aid, and sanctions, trade restrictions, military interventions, unilateral, or cooperative. These options are evaluated and monitored in attempts to maximize benefits of multilateral international cooperation.A nation-state can use them singly or a combination. b). The consequences of this interaction for international politics are numerous. Some of them include the subordination of national interests of a country to uphold the collective interests of the nation-states, like the United States, or the transnational entities like the European Union. The economic interdependence is potential to either make war between trading partners less likely or, as realists claim, that economic interdependence increases the likelihood of conflict.Such countries that engage in international may be prone to terrorists attacks bes ides, the nation-state can be less popular in other countries when the use military interventions like the case or US intervention in Iraq. References Busby,W. J. , 2010. Who Cares about the Weather? Climate Change and U. S. National Security. Retrieved from http//www. gechs. org/downloads/holmen/Busby. pdf on twelfth July, 2010. Chernilo, D. , 2007. A Social Theory of the Nation-State The Political Forms of modernness beyond Methodological Nationalism.New York Routledge. Desmoyers-Davis T. , 2001. Citizenship in Modern Britain. New York, USA Routledge. DiVanna J. , 2003. Synconomy Adding Value in a World of Continuously Connected Business. USA Macmillan. Europa, 2010. Europen Union. Retrieved from http//europa. eu/abc/history/index_en. htm. on 12th July, 2010. European Parliament, 2008. EU strategy for reform in the Arab world. Retrieved from http//www. europarl. europa. eu/sides/getDoc. do? pubRef=-//EP//TEXT+TA+P6-TA-2007-0179+0+ physician+XML+V0//EN on 12th July, 2010. Guehen no, J. M. Elliott, V. , 2000. The end of the Nation-State. Minnesota U of Minnesota Press. International Labour Office (ILO), 2010. European Union (EU). Retrieved from http//actrav. itcilo. org/actrav-english/telearn/global/ilo/blokit/eu. htm. on 12th July, 2010. Page, B. I. Bouton, M. M. ,2006. The Foreign Policy Disconnect What Americans Want From Our Leaders But Dont Get. Chicago University of Chicago Press Rosenberg, M. , 2010. Defining an Independent Country. Retrieved from http //geography. about. com/cs/politicalgeog/a/statenation. htm